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Incorporating index funds into the personal pension investment catalogue will also help to strengthen the education and popularization of financial market knowledge and enhance the financial literacy and risk awareness of the whole society. According to market research, individual pension investors pay more attention to the long-term performance and risk control of products when choosing investment products, which will prompt investors to pay more attention to the long-term trend and investment knowledge of financial markets, thus improving the financial literacy of the whole society.The entry of long-term funds into the market helps to reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and enhance market stability. Personal pension as a long-term fund, its investment in index funds will reduce speculative transactions in the market and enhance the long-term investment attributes of the market. According to market research, long-term capital entry into the market can reduce market volatility and improve market efficiency and stability, which is of great significance to the healthy development of the capital market.Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.

2.4 Optimization of capital market structureGuide long-term funds to enter the market: Personal pension is a long-term fund, and its investment in index funds will help guide more long-term funds to enter the capital market and enhance market stability.The aging of the population is increasing: the proportion of people over 60 years old in China continues to increase, and it is expected to reach 29.9% by 2040, which poses great pressure on the existing old-age security system.

Market scale growth: The inclusion of index funds is expected to attract more individual pensions to participate, thus increasing market scale and improving market liquidity.2.1 Increased market liquidity2. The influence of index funds into individual pensions